Αγγλικά - Αρχάριοι (Β Γυμνασίου): Ηλεκτρονικό Βιβλίο

UNIT 7

Magnetism and the

world we live in

What do the pictures a, b and c have in common?
i)they are all made of plastic
ii)they involve magnetism
iii) they are about enjoyment.

B. Discuss the following questions:
i) Why don't the pieces of the pyramid fall?
ii) How do the roller coaster cars stay on the track?
iii) How does the item in picture ‘c' work?

C. Look at the sketch of the world and say how magnetic fields influence our world. Make a list and compare it with your class.

Grammar:
Past Continuous
Used to
Past Continuous vs. Past Simple

Functions:
Narrating an event from the past

Vocabulary:
Science and explanations

Learning strategies:
When I want to remember new words
I…
• associate new words with similar
words in Greek
• imagine the words in a context
• put the word in a phrase or
sentence
• repeat the word to myself in my
room

Lesson 1

AIMS
• To listen for implied information
• To guess the main story from headlines

Task 1

Magazine: Physics

Poem: The Einstein and the Eddington

A. Match the pictures with the words in the box.

migrating animals
magnetic field
magnetism

B. Look at the picture on the right. What do you
think the people are doing? Why?

Listening

A. Listen to the conversations between some teenagers
and find out what the mystery in the picture is.
You can find the answer written backwards below.

This text will be replaced

remmus hcae htron dna retniw hcae htuos ylf dna etargim yeht nehw msitengam esu sdrib

B. Listen to the children's conversation again and answer the following questions.
You can also read the cartoon script in the Resource Material on p. 158.

This text will be replaced

1. Which of the boys probably lived in another country when he was small? What does he say
that tells you the answer?
2. What did the old men in the village use to tell the boys about the birds?
3. Where were the birds going for the winter?

C. Think of some examples of people leaving where they live or moving around the world. For example, Africans taken to America for slavery; the Kurds in Iraq; moving to another city because of a job transfer; having to move because of a natural disaster.

Who?
When?
Where?
Why?

Use the words in the box to ask and answer questions about the migration of people.
Bring a photo to the class of a member of your family who has emigrated to another country. Tell his/her story to the class. Use the questions in the box to tell your story.

Magnetism and

nature

Grammar

Past Continuous

In pairs, find an example of something that was happening in the past in the cartoon script in the Resource Material on p. 158 in the Appendix.

Then use the dialogue examples to help you complete the rules below with the missing words and circle the correct word in italics.

Rule 1: We use was/were + verb + _______ when we talk about a continuous action in the past.

Rule 2: We use the time word ________ when we want to talk about an action that was happening at the same time as another action in the past.

Usage rules:

In pairs, circle the correct word in the following rules.
When is used to say that something never/always happens or happened in particular circumstances.
While is used to combine/ separate a continuous action in the past with a specific action.

Used to
In pairs, circle the verb used to in the cartoon script on p. 158. Then complete the rules about when we use used to .

Rule 1: Used to is used to say that something happened regularly /rarely in the past but
___________ happen now.

Rule 2: Used to describes past / present situations.

Game: Fact or Myth?

Task 1

In pairs, decide which of the following statements is a fact or a myth. Ask your physics teacher or do a web-search on the internet to check your answers. You can also look up the names at http://www.wikipedia.org/

i) Einstein invented the fridge but the gas leaked.
ii) Planck discovered electricity.
iii) Newton invented the television
iv) Maxwell discovered magnetism
v) Galileo invented the thermometer

Lesson 1

Task 2

A. Match the names of the scientists in the box with the
pictures below. Use the dates to help you. Then
match the scientists with the statements 1-5 below.

Galileo
Newton
Planck
Maxwell
Einstein

1) He used to work in the Patent Office in Zurich before he developed E=Mc2. He did not agree with using the atomic
bomb.
2) An Italian scientist who used to sing songs to measure short intervals of time. He proved that the earth revolves
around the sun.
3) He used to have the nickname ‘Dafty' Max when he was at school in Edinburgh. He described the laws of electricity
and magnetism.
4) He used to teach in Cambridge before he moved to London in 1696. He invented the reflecting telescope in 1668.
5) He discovered that energy of electromagnetic waves consists of small packets. He used to wear his glasses in bed.

B. Listen to the guide in the Planetarium describing the life and work of the scientists and check your answers.

This text will be replaced

Why were these scientists important in world development? Find out how their work changed the world. Use the words in the word bank to help you.

WORD BANK
atomic power
improved telescope
laws of motion
light-bulbs
electric fields
magnetic fields

Task 3

Use photos of the scientist you admire most and present them in class. Tell the class where he used to work, where he spent his life, why he became famous.

Reading: Facts or Myths?
Lead-in

A. Look at the pictures below. What do you think they have to do with magnetism?

Clues:
What did sailors use in the past to find out
which direction they were travelling in?
a) the sun b) the wind c) compass

B. What do you think the story for the following headlines is? Discuss your answers.

The Philadelphia Experiment	Turtles coming home
Plane disappears near Bermuda

	Magnetism and nature
C. Now read the short text below to check your answer for the ship.
The Philadelphia Experiment was a secret magnetic experiment by the American Navy on October 28th, 1943. Scientists used magnetic fields to make a ship called The Eldridge disappear. The American government said that the experiment did not happen but sailors on the ship said it did. http://www.world-mysteries.com/philadelphia_e.htm
D. In small groups discuss if you think this story is real or if it is just a myth. Task 1 Read the two texts below quickly and decide which of them is about: i) magnetism ii) migration
Text A Almost everyone who has used a compass knows that our planet has a magnetic field. On the earth's surface, it is weaker than the typical magnet you find on your fridge door. But even today, most people regard magnetism as a mystery which we know very little about. We see the affect of magnets in our everyday lives. It is common to see a television or computer screen shaking when a mobile phone rings next to it.

Text B Scientists used to believe that animals used their instinct to migrate but now they know that they also use magnetic fields. Although it is a mystery, many scientists now believe that animals like turtles or the simple pigeon have a magnetic sense which they use for navigation to find their way. Cells in an animal's brain contain magnetite, an iron oxide crystal that aligns with magnetic north similar to a compass needle. This guides them when they migrate.

Task 2 A. Tell your partner if you think magnetism played a role in each of these stories. Why? B. Read the two texts again carefully and discuss with your partner which text mentions: a) the negative effects of magnetic fields, b) the positive uses of magnetic fields, c) an electrical appliance in our kitchens. C. In pairs, decide which of the texts mentions mysterious behaviour. In Appendix I (IT'S YOUR CHOICE) you can find another article about a sea mystery to do with magnetism.

Task 3 Magnetic tapes (such as the VHS tape or a music cassette) use magnetism to record sound or pictures. Look around your house and make a list of all the items that operate because of magnetism. Ask your Physics teacher for information about the magnetic materials used in different household items.